It is interesting to note that according to utilitarianism, utility is all about the result of an action. Kant also discussed the importance of perfect and imperfect duties in relation to good morality between humans. Rule utilitarianism is more concerned with fairness and the law. Nevertheless, justified or unjustified, deontological ethics imply that humans are ends in themselves with intrinsic value. This is why one can comment that Utilitarianism does not stress on the code of conduct. In fact, they are two different schools of thought regarding morality. (John Stuart 2013) However, it is important to understand that utilitarianism considers not only the quantity, but also quality of the pleasure. @media (max-width: 1171px) { .sidead300 { margin-left: -20px; } } But consequences are not what make the act right, as is the case with utilitarianism. Deontology takes the universally accepted codes of conduct into account. Aristotle observed in book V of the nicomachean ethics that the word justice is has a double meaning as: He suggested that although we have ‘moral leeway’ in how or when we perform imperfect duties, we must ensure that we always succeed in carrying out perfect duties: ‘they must be done’ as negative duties are ‘more stringent’ than positive duties. Consequences help us find what is our duty, they are not what make something our duty. This theory asserts that an action is considered 'morally good ' because of some characteristic of the action itself, not because the result of the action is good. Thus, consequentiality becomes very important in this school of thought. There are two main forms of consequentialism, egoism and utilitarianism. In such a context, the attention paid to the manner in which a goal is achieved is insignificant. For example, utilitarianism can be used to justify punishing an innocent man or enslaving a small group of people if such acts produce a maximization of consequences. All rights reserved. In sum, according to utilitarianism, morality is a matter of the nonmoral good produced that results from moral actions and rules, and moral duty is instrumental, not intrinsic. A just and a moral right person is one who always done what is morally right and obeys the law justice in this sense is called universal justice in the eyes of Aristotle. Deontological ethics is an ethics system that judges whether an action is right or wrong based on a moral code. Consequences of those actions are not taken into consideration. This can be identified as the main difference between the two concepts. Ethics Theories- Utilitarianism Vs. Deontological Ethics. ARISTOTLE ANALYSIS OF JUSTICE On the other hand, it says ‘the end does not justify the means.’ This is the main difference between utilitarianism and deontology. There are two major ethics theories that attempt to specify and justify moral rules and principles: utilitarianism and deontological ethics. Expressions such as "virtue is its own reward" and Duty for duty 's sake" are used to attest to the believe that in deontological. Deontologists forbid torture under all circumstances because it violates the victim's rights. Thus, it can be understood that deontology follows scriptures that show sufficient light on the rules of conduct or moral rules and intuition. Ernazar Kamal For example, a doctor may have a duty to benefit a patient, and he or she may need to know what medical consequences would result from various treatments in order to determine what would and would not benefit the patient. “Justice can mean either lawfulness or fairness, since injustice is lawlessness and unfairness. The former states that a just society helps a human to perform righteously and live the good life, whereas, the latter states justice is nothing but giving people according to what they actually. On the other hand, utilitarianism does not take universally accepted codes of conduct into account. Utilitarianism (also called consequentialism) is a moral theory developed and refined in the modern world in the writings of Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) and John Stuart Mill (1806-1873). On the other hand, deontology is not consequence-oriented in nature. One main problem is that utilitarianism, if adopted, justifies as morally appropriate things that are clearly immoral. There is a belief that the philosopher thinks and implements ideas that are more selfish in the utilitarianism school of thought. It is the morality of an action that can determine the morality of its outcome. It is the view of the best consequences for the most amount of people. For this and other reasons, many thinkers have advocated a second type of moral theory, deontological ethics. More precisely and particularly justice consist of taking only a proper share of some good. Deontology says that if the action is not moral in character or nature then the outcome too cannot be moral or ethical. As we will see in Part Two, this notion is very difficult to justify if one abandons the theological doctrine of man being made in the image of God. But basically, a utilitarian approach to morality implies that no moral act (e.g., an act of stealing) or rule (e.g., “Keep your promises”) is intrinsically right or wrong. A rule utilitarian seeks to benefit the most people but through the fairest and most just means available. This is one of the important principles laid down by the ethical school of thought called deontology. The stress is laid on the end that the means, of getting there, becomes only secondary. Utilitarianism (also called consequentialism) is a moral theory developed and refined in the modern world in the writings of Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) and John Stuart Mill (1806-1873). Utilitarianism comes from the word ‘utility’ or usefulness. Duty as in that we are morally obligated to act in accordance with a certain set of principles and rules regardless of outcome. Deontology deals with intentions and motives. This paper will also reveal that Kantian ethics, in my opinion, is a better moral law to follow compared to the utilitarian position.

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