A white film with a coated amount of 4.0 g/m2 was obtained in the same manner as Example 2 except for replacing the spherical particles with nonporous acrylic resin particles (“TECHPOLYMER” MBX series, XX-09FP, manufactured by Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd., a refractive index of 1.49, a volume average particle diameter of 5.0 μm, a coefficient of variation CV of 27%, an acrylic copolymer, crosslink: present, ultraviolet absorbing agent: none, light stabilizer: none). BirdShades has produced a window film that is reflective in the shorter-wavelength (e.g., ultraviolet) bands of light and lacks a human-visible striping pattern. The present UVC reflective coating can be human-visible transparent, translucent (e.g., semi-opaque), or fully opaque, depending upon the desired end-use or substrate the UVC reflective coating is to be applied to. By making window collisions testing more affordable and efficient we might gain more information about the efficacy of products. No. Specifically, we ensured that the external surface of the windows received ambient daylight, which is rich in shorter-wavelength light at all times of this study, while also illuminating the internal surface of windows with representative artificial light. The UVC reflective coating of anyone or all of the above embodiments, wherein the inorganic material is a metal oxide. If being porous, a refractive interface between the binder resin and the spherical particles is increased, and internal reflected light and diffusion light loss are increased to easily deteriorate reflectance. Repeated-measures approaches have proven useful in many other contexts (Shaffer, 1979; Swaddle, 1997; Swaddle & Biewener, 2000; Boulton et al., 2015) but have yet to be applied to the collisions literature. The UVC reflective coating of the present disclosure can be water based, such as a latex emulsion. Cowbirds were in these captive conditions for approximately 1 week before flight trials began to assure that all birds were healthy and flying well before the experiment commenced. We thank Bryan Watts for assistance with permissions to catch wild birds. 2005-173546. In the case of being less than 3% by weight, occasionally the effect of improving backlight luminance is not obtained. We performed flight-collision tests with two song bird species, zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) and brown-headed cowbird (Molothrus ater), that are known to be sensitive to shorter-wavelengths of light and hence be good candidate species to benefit from the BirdShades window treatment (Hart, 2001; Aidala et al., 2012). It is important to note that these spectral measurements are rich in shorter wavelength light, which is typical of daylight conditions. In the case of providing the coating layer on both sides, the coating layer is provided on the side opposite to the coated surface by the same method to obtain the white reflective film of the present invention. No. (ii) Treatment. Birds experienced natural daylight in the collision tunnel and the external surface of the windows experienced natural daylight during all trials (Fig. For example, acrylic chemistries are generally considered to be UV transparent, but in the UVC wavelengths acrylic chemistries can become partially UVC absorbing, especially towards 254 nm. 70 parts by weight of methyl methacrylate, 10 parts by weight of trimethylolpropane triacrylate as a polyfunctional monomer for forming a crosslinked structure, 3 parts by weight of 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl methacrylate as a hindered amine polymerizable compound, 10 parts by weight of 2-(2′-hydroxy-5′-methacryloxyethylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole as a benzotriazole polymerizable compound, and 1 part by weight of lauroyl peroxide as a polymerization initiator were put into a four-necked flask with a capacity of 1 liter equipped with a stirring apparatus, a thermometer and a nitrogen gas inlet tube. Hence, there is a need to test collision-reducing technologies in daylight with appropriate artificial light placed behind the window. Previous approaches to UVC reflective coatings can include non-metal and metal approaches. Furthermore, when collision does occur, it is likely that the birds will strike the windows with less force as the BirdShades film treatment results in 25% reduction in flight velocity close to the point of impact. However, field experiments lack as much experimental control as flight tunnel tests and observing collisions in free-living birds is relatively rare and poses welfare and ethical issues as some of these collisions lead to known damage to experimental subjects (Klem, 2009). Further, we call for testing of other mitigation technologies in lighting and ecological conditions that are more similar to what birds experience in real human-built environments and make suggestions for testing standards to assess collision-reducing technologies. For example, in a hospital room application, high levels of UVC reflection, such as about 50% or greater, can be desired to provide increased sterilization potential. Germicide Reflective Paint - Lumacept Bright will almost eliminate the problem of shadows in your UVC disinfection cycles. Unlike disinfectant chemicals, UV-C light does not leave any residue once the cleaning cycle is over. Note: You are now also subscribed to the subject areas of this publication The content of the inorganic particles and the organic particles is more preferably 0.1% by weight or less, and particularly preferably 0.07% by weight or less. The spherical particles in the present invention need to be nonporous from the viewpoint of an improvement in reflectance and light resistance. The zebra finches were approximately 50% less likely to collide with a window if the windows were treated with the BirdShades film compared with the control film. Examples of the binder resin containing the light stabilizer include organic ultraviolet absorbing resins including a resin obtained by copolymerizing a hindered amine (HALS)-based reactive monomer. A white reflective film having a coating layer containing spherical particles on at least one side of a white film, in which an absolute value of refractive index difference between the spherical particles and a binder resin forming the coating layer is 0.10 or less, and the spherical particles are nonporous. In addition, a white film with ultraviolet absorbing layers laminated is proposed for preventing the film from yellowing due to ultraviolet rays radiated from a cold cathode fluorescent lamp (Patent Documents 2 and 3). In either case, the diffuser plate was placed so as to face the light source. A white film with a coated amount of 4.0 g/m2 was obtained in the same manner as Example 2 except for replacing the spherical particles with nonporous acrylic resin particles (“TECHPOLYMER” MBX series, MB30X-8, manufactured by Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd., a refractive index of 1.49, a volume average particle diameter of 8.0 μm, a coefficient of variation CV of 32%, an acrylic copolymer, crosslink: present, ultraviolet absorbing agent: none, light stabilizer: none). In order to prevent the white film as the base material from deteriorating (for example, optical deterioration such as yellowing or decomposition deterioration as lower molecular weight) due to light emitted from a lamp such as a cold cathode fluorescent lamp during using as a backlight, particularly, the ultraviolet absorbing agent and/or the light stabilizer are preferably contained in the binder resin layer provided on one side of the white film. We performed flight tunnel tests of whether the BirdShades external window film reduced the likelihood that two species of song bird (zebra finch, Taeniopygia guttata and brown-headed cowbird, Molothrus ater) collide with windows during daylight.

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