Because of its outstanding cleanability, stability and reflectivity, in 1984, the National Bureau of Standards, (NIST), chose Laser Gold plating as the Standard IR reference material (#2011). Dy2O3 (Dysprosium sesquioxide) No guarantee of accuracy - use at your own risk. MgF2 (Magnesium fluoride) Mn (Manganese) Rev. CdTe (Cadmium telluride) H2 (Hydrogen) KH2PO4 (Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, KDP) 2020: 21-nm film; n,k 0.30-2.0 µm Bi12GeO20 (Bismuth germanate, BGO) OTHER - miscellaneous materials NaI (Sodium iodide) +1 858-573-9300 Ordal et al. Yakubovsky et al. MoSe2 (Molybdenum diselenide) GaSe (Gallium selenide) 2012: Evaporated gold; n,k 0.300-24.93 µm Fe3O4 (Iron(II,III) oxide, Magnetite) PbS (Lead sulfide) ZrO2 (Zirconium dioxide, Zirconia) For a typical sample of Au the refractive index SrTiO3 (Strontium titanate, STO) and extinction coefficient Chromium (Cr) SF6 (Sulphur hexafluoride) CO (Carbon monoxide) "Your Contribution has been invaluable and we could not have accomplished our goal without you." Ciesielski et al. RbCl (Rubidium chloride) 0.18104 and 3.068099. --Frank Groark, TRW Space & Technology Division, Laser Gold®- NIST Standard Reference Material #1929, Design Considerations – Electroless Nickel, Gold Plating and Silver Plating on Plastics and Carbon Fiber, Laser Gold Spectral Reflectance Graphical Data, Laser Gold Spectral Reflectance Tabular Data, Hemispherical Directional Reflectance on Specular Au, Specular Gold Directional Reflectance at 20 Degrees Incidence, Spectral Reflectivity of Epner’s Laser Gold, Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Analysis of Opaque Gold Film. Read More, Almost everyone who attends the SPIE DSS Exposition has received a gold-plated paper clip from Mr. David Epner, personally. Xe (Xenon) HgS (Mercury sulfide) Lemarchand 2013: 11.7-nm film; n,k 0.35-1.8 µm LiF (Lithium fluoride) BaTiO3 (Barium titanate) 2009: DFT calculations; n,k 0.0176-2.48 µm, P. B. Johnson and R. W. Christy. Incredibly, the Epner Technology specular mirrors, when calibrated by NIST prior to their distribution to the participating labs, all tracked at 99 percent with each mirror creating a single flatline on the graph! Ce (Cerium) Pb5Ge3O11 (Lead germanate, PGO) Light that passes through the translucent gold will appear greenish-blue because gold reflects yellow (570-580 nanometers), orange (585-620 nanometers), and red light (630-740 nanometers). Ca (Calcium) SrMoO4 (Strontium molybdate) Please try again or contact us if you feel this is in error. CsI (Cesium iodide) Pb (Lead) InSb (Indium antimonide) Al2O3 (Aluminium sesquioxide, Sapphire, Alumina) Yb2O3 (Ytterbium sesquioxide) V (Vanadium) KCl (Potassium chloride) ORGANIC - organic materials CuGaS2 (Copper gallium sulfide) BP (Boron phosphide) Yakubovsky et al. NaCl (Sodium chloride) Re (Rhenium) GaSb (Gallium antimonide) Si (Silicon) GaS (Gallium sulfide) SiO (Silicon monoxide) HfO2 (Hafnium dioxide, Hafnia) CsLiB6O10 (Cesium lithium borate, CLBO) 2012: Single-crystal gold; n,k 0.300-24.93 µm For more than twenty years, Epner Technology had been the sole source supplier of these standards. YbF3 (Ytterbium trifluoride) InP (Indium phosphide) McPeak et al. Kr (Krypton) To obtain the complete report of this unprecedented study, including the list of the 23 participants, the stucture and analysis of the results, including all the graphs, click below (All this makes for a large file [9.95MB], so be patient!). AlSb (Aluminium antimonide) Cu (Copper) CdGeAs2 (Cadmium germanium arsenide) Olmon et al. The Epner mirrors were two samples, of a five sample group that was individually calibrated at NIST and then sent to twenty-three participating optical laboratories in a groundbreaking nationwide “Star” Intercomparison of Infrared Reflectivity, with each lab getting its own separate sample set. TeO2 (Tellurium dioxide) Electrolytic gold plating represents a lower-cost option but trades off slight reflectivity performance. AgBr (Silver bromide) ZnO (Zinc monoxide) Sc (Scandium) Gold is a chemical element with the symbol Au and an atomic number of 79. MgO (Magnesium monoxide) Rh (Rhodium) 1974: n,k 0.000008266-248 µm Te (Tellurium) -Roger L. Counts, Keith A. Corsi, NASA-Goddard. 1998: Lorentz-Drude model; n,k 0.248-6.20 µm Zn (Zinc) Co (Cobalt) Nb (Niobium) Yakubovsky et al. CaWO4 (Calcium tungstate) Olmon et al. As2S3 (Arsenic trisulfide) N2 (Nitrogen) Our mirrors were diamond turned copper blanks supplied by Kugler of Salem, Germany, while the NIST blanks were roughened by arc-spraying aluminum on a machined brass substrate. AgGaSe2 (Silver gallium selenide, AGSe) Er (Erbium) CdS (Cadmium sulfide) 2018: Au/SiO2; n,k 0.191-20.9 µm Rakić et al. RbBr (Rubidium bromide) PbSe (Lead selenide) TiO2 (Titanium dioxide) 3D - selected data for 3D artists, Book W (Tungsten) Werner et al. KBr (Potassium bromide) Lemarchand 2013: 5.77-nm film; n,k 0.35-1.8 µm ZnSiAs2 (Zinc silicon arsenide) Os (Osmium) LiCaAlF6 (Lithium calcium aluminum fluoride, LiCAF) (24 Hr. Ho (Holmium) Below are files of complete refractive index and extinction coefficients. Ru (Ruthenium) AlAs (Aluminium arsenide) Rosenblatt et al. Windt et al. VN (Vanadium nitride) SiC (Silicon carbide) ThF4 (Thorium tetrafluoride) KNbO3 (Potassium niobate) CdSe (Cadmium selenide) H2O, D2O (Water, heavy water, ice) 2012: Template-stripped gold; n,k 0.300-24.9 µm PbTe (Lead telluride) at 632.8 nm are LaF3 (Lanthanum fluoride) Ti (Titanium) NaBr (Sodium bromide) C (Carbon, diamond, graphite, graphene) Johnson and Christy 1972: n,k 0.188-1.937 µm SiO2 (Silicon dioxide, Silica, Quartz) Zr (Zirconium), Page Yb (Ytterbium) 1988: n,k 0.0024-0.122 µm VC (Vanadium carbide) Lu (Lutetium) (see Fig.1), Our rough, diffuse Laser Gold coated samples showed similar consistency when measured by NIST for the pre-comparison data points.

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